Le féminisme intersectionnel au Canada : les faits
Pour faire progresser l’égalité entre les genres au Canada, ce n’est pas suffisant d’éliminer uniquement les écarts homme-femme. Les personnes sont confrontées à diverses barrières selon de nombreux facteurs de leur identité, dont la sexualité, la race, l’identité de genre, la capacité et l’âge. La recherche réelle de l’égalité implique de reconnaître les besoins diversifiés de toute la population et d’y répondre.
La Fondation canadienne des femmes utilise une approche intersectionnelle dans sa compréhension du féminisme et dans la poursuite de l’égalité entre les genres. Cela veut dire que nous essayons de comprendre les nombreuses formes d’obstacles et de discrimination auxquelles certains groupes de femmes sont confrontés pour des raisons qui dépassent le genre.
Par exemple, certaines sont exposées à un risque plus élevé de vivre de la violence fondée sur le genre, ont moins de possibilités économiques et font face à un écart salarial plus important que d’autres. Ce n’est pas parce qu’elles « ne se forcent pas assez ». C’est parce qu’elles vivent davantage de discrimination systémique.
L’information qui suit répond à quelques questions fréquemment posées en lien avec le fait d’utiliser une approche intersectionnelle en matière de féminisme et d’égalité entre les genres.
- Columbia Journalism Review. The origin of the term ‘intersectionality.’ Merrill Perlman. 2018. Available here
- International Socialist Review (ISR). Black feminism and intersectionality. Sharon Smith. Issue 91. Available here
- International Socialist Review (ISR). Black feminism and intersectionality. Sharon Smith. Issue 91. Available here
- Time Magazine. What’s Intersectionality? Let These Scholars Explain the Theory and Its History. Arica L. Coleman. 2019, Paragraph 4-7. Available here
- NewStatesman America. Kimberlé Crenshaw on intersectionality: “I wanted to come up with an everyday metaphor that anyone could use.” Bim Adewunmi. 2014. Available here
- Time Magazine. What’s Intersectionality? Let These Scholars Explain the Theory and Its History. Arica L. Coleman. 2019. Available here
- Canadian Research Institute for the Advancement of Women. Intersectional Feminist Frameworks: An Emerging Vision. 2006. Available here
- Columbia Journalism Review. The origin of the term ‘intersectionality.’ Merrill Perlman. 2018. Available here
- Organization of American States (OAS). Inter – American Commission on Human Rights. Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women in British Columbia, Canada. 2014. p. 39-44. Available here
- Organization of American States (OAS). Inter – American Commission on Human Rights. Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women in British Columbia, Canada. 2014. p. 39- 44. Available here
- Human Rights Watch. Those Who Take Us Away. Abusive Policing and Failures in Protection of Indigenous Women and Girls in Northern British Columbia, Canada. 2013. P. 66. Available here
- Human Rights Watch. Those Who Take Us Away. Abusive Policing and Failures in Protection of Indigenous Women and Girls in Northern British Columbia, Canada. 2013. p. 67-72. Available here
- The Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Missing and Murdered Aboriginal Women: A National Operational Overview. 2014. p. 3. Available here
- CBC News. Confusion Reigns Over Number of Missing, murdered Indigenous Women. John Paul Tasker. 2016. Available here
- Statistics Canada. Homicide in Canada, 2014. Available here
- National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls. Reclaiming Power and Place: The Final Report of the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls. Volume 1a. p.102-110. Available here
- Maclean’s. The MMIWG final report lands: ‘I hold up a mirror to Canada.’ Shannon Proudfoot. 2019. Available here
- Department of Justice. Statistics on Sexual Assault. Characteristics of Crimes of Sexual Assault and of its Victims. Available here
- Statistics Canada. Low income in Canada: A multi-line and multi-index Perspective, Summary. 2012. Available here.
- Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population, Catalogue no. 98-400-X2016124. Available here
- Statistics Canada. Distribution of employment income of individuals by sex and work activity, Canada, provinces and selected census metropolitan areas, 2012-2017. Available here.
- Statistics Canada, 2016 Census. No. 98-400-X2016268. Calculated using the full-time, full-year average employment income in Indigenous females ($48,590) divided by the full-time, full-year employment income of non-Indigenous males ($74,691), equaling 65%, or a 35% difference. Available here.
- Statistics Canada, 2016 Census. No. 98-400-X2016360. Calculated using full-time, full-year average employment income for total visible minority females ($51,173) divided by the full-time, full-year average employment income of males who are not a visible minority ($76,853), equaling 67%, or a 33% difference. Available here.
- Gender Equality Network Canada. Women’s Equality in Canada: An Environmental Scan. Available here.
- The Canadian Women’s Foundation. Gender Equality Network Canada. Women’s Equality in Canada An Environmental Scan. p. 1. Available here.
- The Canadian Women’s Foundation. Gender Equality Network Canada. Women’s Equality in Canada An Environmental Scan. p. 2. Available here.
- The Canadian Women’s Foundation. Gender Equality Network Canada. Women’s Equality in Canada An Environmental Scan. p. 4. Available here.
- The Canadian Women’s Foundation. Gender Equality Network Canada. Women’s Equality in Canada An Environmental Scan. p. 4. Available here.
- The Canadian Women’s Foundation. Gender Equality Network Canada. Women’s Equality in Canada An Environmental Scan. p. 4. Available here.
- The Washington Post. The marginalized voices of the #MeToo movement. Eugene Scott, 2017. Available here.
- HuffPost US. Women’s March Organizers Address Intersectionality as The Movement Grows. Rahel Gebreyes, 2017. Available here.
- YWCA Metro Vancouver. Intersectionality: YWCA Metro Vancouver Blog. Elysse Cloma. 2017. Available here.
- W7 Feminist Vision for the G7. 2018. P. 1. Available here.
- W7 Feminist Vision for the G7. 2018. P.2. Available here.
- W7 Feminist Vision for the G7. 2018. P.2. Available here.
- W7 Feminist Vision for the G7. 2018. P. 3-9. Available here.
- The Globe and Mail. How Canada’s racial data gaps can be hazardous to your health. Tavia Grant and Denise Balkissoon. 2019. Available here.
- The Globe and Mail. Statistics Canada begins testing non-binary gender options in surveys. Tavia Grant. 2018. Available here.
- Statistics Canada. Gender, diversity, inclusion statistics. 2019. Available here.
- Mobile Syrup. Innovation Minister announces Statistics Canada Centre for Gender, Diversity and Inclusion Statistics. Aisha Malik. 2019. Available here.
- Mobile Syrup. Innovation Minister announces Statistics Canada Centre for Gender, Diversity and Inclusion Statistics. Aisha Malik. 2019. Available here.
- National Post. Ottawa unveils anti-racism strategy, which includes definition of Islamophobia. Maura Forrest. 2019. Available here.
- CBC. Better mental health among trans people addressed by their preferred name: Study. Kas Roussy. 2018. Available here.
- CBC News. Adopting gender-neutral terms ‘step in the right direction’ for Service Canada. 2018. Available here.
- CBC News. New gender ‘X’ option on Canadian ID a mixed blessing, say advocates. Alexandra Burza. 2019. Available here.
- Ontario Human Rights Commission. An introduction to the intersectional approach. Available here.
- Ontario Human Rights Commission. The move towards an intersectional approach. Available here.
- Ontario Human Rights Commission. An introduction to the intersectional approach. Available here.
- Ontario Human Rights Commission. The move towards an intersectional approach. Available here.
- Government of Canada. Women and Gender Equality Canada. Gender-based Analysis Plus (GBA+). 2021. Available here.
- Government of Canada. What is GBA+? GBA + Gender-Based Analysis Plus. 2018. Available here.
- Canadian Women’s Foundation. “Historic 2018 Federal Budget Sets Out a Path Toward Gender Equality”. February 28, 2018. Available here.
- Canadian Press, “Many federal departments not meeting gender analysis targets, internal docs show”, Teresa Wright, Feb. 2, 2019. Available here.
- YWCA Boston. What is intersectionality, and what does it have to do with me? 2017. Available here.
- CRIAW/ICREF. Everyone Belongs. A Toolkit for Applying Intersectionality. P. 19-22. Available here.
- CRIAW/ICREF. Everyone Belongs. A Toolkit for Applying Intersectionality. P. 19. Available here.
- CRIAW/ICREF. Everyone Belongs. A Toolkit for Applying Intersectionality. P. 19. Available here.
- Toronto Star. Nisa Homes to open shelter for Muslim women in Edmonton. Kasmala Fida. 2019. Available here.
- Toronto Star. Nisa Homes to open shelter for Muslim women in Edmonton. Kasmala Fida. 2019. Available here.
- CRIAW/ICREF. Everyone Belongs. A Toolkit for Applying Intersectionality. P. 20-21. Available here.
- The International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer and Intersex Youth and Student Organization (IGLYO). Intersectionality Toolkit. Ani Giorgadze, Dani Prisacarui, Daniela Prisacariu, Eirik Rise, Euan Platt, George-Konstantinos Charonis, Joshua McCormick, Maryam Din, Mina Tolu and Orlaith Hendron. p. 12. Available here.
- CRIAW/ICREF. Everyone Belongs. A Toolkit for Applying Intersectionality. P. 22. Available here.
- CRIAW/ICREF. Everyone Belongs. A Toolkit for Applying Intersectionality. p. 21. Available here.